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Development of space solar power

Development of space solar power

Japanese animated series “Mobile Suit Gundam”, the depletion of fossil fuels force the shift of human space-based solar energy development, a new focus of global conflict. In the science fiction world, the background of this era set in 2307. However, the real world, Japanese scientists have now set out to develop rail-related hardware, power generation facilities, as a new, renewable clean energy, is expected to be completed within 20 years.

From space using solar panels, “download” the concept of energy has long existed, it seems impractical because high cost. In Japan, the global energy crisis and environmental concerns for the viability of the plan does not seem to be taken seriously again, last year, Institute of Laser Technology in Osaka produced up to 180 watts of solar power laser energy. In February this year, scientists tested the ground in Hokkaido Electric Power Transmission System, will form a microwave energy transmitted to Earth.

Study of laser and microwave together constitute an audacious plan, Japan’s space agency Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency subordinate (JAXA), presided over the space solar power system (SSPS). By 2030, the agency plans to launch a solar generator to the geostationary orbit, the generator will transfer one billion watts of solar energy the Earth, as a large nuclear power plant’s generating capacity. Solar energy will be delivered in the form of microwave or laser, can be converted into commercial power grid, or stored hydrogen.

Japan’s major research institutions have about 180 scientists involved in this project. JAXA Research Center of the High Representative Hiroaki Suzuki said: “We conducted this study is based on the common-sense reasons – will soon run out of fossil fuels, increasing global warming, these problems be solved.” JAXA said the space solar power has obvious advantages : in space, solar radiation is on the ground 5 to 10 times more efficient collection; 24-hour collection, and is not climate; clean, do not produce pollution and waste, safety and reliability. The energy intensity to reach the ground may reach 5 kW per square meter – about mid-latitudes in summer sunny noon to 5 times. Although scientists say that number will not hurt the human body, but to receive the energy area will be isolated and placed in the sea.

JAXA researchers are testing in progress, hard fiber laser was 800 watts at about 500 meters from the station launched, through 1064 nm wavelength filter only the reflection of light directly at the experimental solar panels. (The reason to use this frequency because it can easily just through the Earth’s atmosphere, loss of less than 10%.) Key task now is to find which can effectively convert sunlight to laser materials, the preferred material as containing neodymium and chromium YAG ceramic materials.

Basic research is only part of the project, testing of microwave and laser systems require a large space equipment: film capacitor filters, solar panels and the effective distance of thousands of kilometers of microwave transmission equipment, which total about one million tons. Terrestrial microwave receiving antenna will also have the 2 km long.

The total project cost may be as much as several billion dollars, but Suzuki and his colleagues say they will not total costs: “Our basic Yanjiu completed, we do not know whether it is feasible. Our goal is to produce energy and hydrogen to stabilize the economy estimated price of 6.5 cents per kilowatt-hour. “This is related to the current cost of conventional electricity rather, in the future will have higher economic value.

In accordance with the present level of technology, large-scale equipment to the space can only be transmitted through the national space agency coordination to complete. Suzuki said that although the potential militarization of space, the trend for countries more inclined to independent research and development of space technology, but “if the JAXA, NASA and the European Space Agency can work together, it would be the best.” Although this all sounds more Prelude like science fiction.

 

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Canada to use nanotechnology to develop new lithium-sulfur battery

Canada to use nanotechnology to develop new lithium-sulfur battery

Researchers at the University of Waterloo, Canada May 18, said they made a large capacity than conventional lithium battery lithium battery 3 times the prototype of sulfur. The date of the relevant research published in the "natural materials" magazine online edition.

Lithium-sulfur battery has a very broad application prospects, chemists have this for nearly 20 years of research. Sulfur and lithium is considered an ideal battery material, the combination of these two chemicals can not only provide high energy density, the stability, security, and life is also even better. In addition, the cost, the price of sulfur is much lower than the current widely used in lithium batteries and other materials.

However, the manufacture of cathode has been a major problem plagued the people, partly responsible for the charging and discharging the storage and release electrons, in which reversible electrochemical reaction in order to achieve higher current, must be similar to one of the sulfur and carbon Such close contact with the conductor, and had no very effective way.

University of Waterloo professor Linda Nazar research team led by nano-technology to achieve close integration of carbon and sulfur. In the experiment, they used a mesoporous carbon known as porous carbon material. In the nano-level, this type of carbon in the pore size and pore volume on the very same. Through nanotechnology, the group made its carbon nanotube, a hollow, each 6.5 nm thick, pore size 3-4 nm. Since sulfur is heated and melted, when exposed to carbon nanotubes after they are inhaled and solidification of sulfur nano-fibers. Researchers have sulfur electron microscope carbon nanotube infusion section to check and found that all the apertures are filled with sulfur, carbon and sulfur to achieve a very perfect combination.

Nazar said the composite material made from the battery up to 80% of the theoretical value, and in maintaining low cost, good circulation and good stability under the premise of the energy density than traditional lithium by the made of transition metal oxide cathode battery is 3 times higher. This porous carbon materials "sucked up" technology to other composite material also provides a new way. Research in the future that they will further improve the structure and properties of the cathode material.

 

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Power battery industry trend growth in Guangdong

Power battery industry trend growth in Guangdong

In recent years, China's first economic province - Guangdong Province has been promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure adjustment and vigorously develop high-tech industries, advanced manufacturing, encouraging independent innovation, and take the high road of high added value. This guide in 2008, proved to be quite forward-looking. Last year, the international financial turmoil, economic growth in Guangdong, there was greater decline. However, from Guangdong, the first 10 months of 2008 the statistical data, the significant downturn in industrial added value and even negative growth, mainly concentrated in two or three labor-intensive, weak capacity of independent innovation of industry, while maintaining high-tech manufacturing sector is still higher growth rate of 16.6%.

Some closed their doors, even more people would give them see and find opportunities. In the crisis, both to China's largest toy factories, Smart Union toy factory Zhangmutou represented by a large number of low-end processing plant have fallen, but also high-tech enterprise special power contrarian easy expansion, the acquisition of Fortune 500 companies held by Schneider easy special Power System Technology Co., Ltd. 60% of the options, and other cases, more ZTE, Huawei and other companies for many years a large number of high-tech growth.

Battery power is a new high-tech energy and energy-saving products category, data from the relevant departments of Guangdong's power battery industry in 2008 is still growing steadily. All this is thanks to the enterprise optimization and upgrading of industrial structure adjustment. In the current situation, the Guangdong power battery industry, how to go further and take the "crisis" in the "machine", expand markets, upgrade technology, optimize the structure?

Guangdong to enter the international market is still a huge advantage

Power battery industry in Guangdong, a large number of companies have a strong comprehensive strength, their technology, brand, marketing, production and other areas of great strength, in a crisis but could usher in development opportunities, lose ground in the international market. Easy special acquisition of Guangdong 500 companies around the world held by the easy special Schneider Power System Technology Co., Ltd. 60% of the shares. In 2008, the easy special exporting not only not declined, but the first three quarters exports grew 60%. According to Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Vice President Bai Yueliang, due to the group active and innovative ideas over the years, persist in doing high-tech products, product sales are still maintained rapid growth.

Although exports, but Guangdong is still the undisputed largest province of China's exports. Power Battery exports is accounted for half of the country. By traders in Guangdong, agents, import and export companies or other forms of direct trade, power battery business export tens of billions of products annually. In addition, the Guangzhou international buyers purchase has been the preferred destination for Chinese products, developed a large number of international buyers to visit the exhibition in Guangzhou to buy the product purchasing habits. Organized by the Guangdong high-profile exhibitions, trade fairs, bidding, etc., power battery companies still have access to find a lot of business opportunities.

In addition, Guangdong due to its unique geographical advantages, will also speed up the realization of China's export market diversification of the bridgehead. In the analysts view, shrinking demand for traditional export markets in Europe and America on the occasion, the power battery business must be scattered in different eggs in the basket, and actively explore new international markets, export market diversification, in order to defuse the rising demand for single market risk bound is the only way. With ASEAN, India, Africa, Latin America and other emerging market trade, compared to other domestic provinces and cities in Guangdong, with transportation, logistics, information and finance a full range of comprehensive comparative advantage. September 2007, Guangdong and ASEAN Secretariat signed a Memorandum of Understanding, to the outside world has brought new markets in Guangdong To speed up the strong signal.

 

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Solar panels mounted on the coffin

Solar panels mounted on the coffin

Spanish town of environmental brilliant idea: solar panels mounted on the coffin

With the deeply rooted concept of environmental protection, how to make solar energy a national residents a new topic. However, in the place where a large area of solar cells that has plagued everyone. Recently, a small town near Barcelona, Spain, ingenuity: a large number of solar panels will be placed into a "place where few people bother "---- cemetery.

Uniform "cemetery solar power station"

 

Associated Press, this small town called Santa Crow Mary residents a total of 124,000, covers an area of four square kilometers. Everywhere in town built next to housing. Local residents argued that full use of clean renewable solar energy to mitigate climate change, and soon the roof of the local residential building had become a "solar battery world." However, the more crowded the town but can not find other large area can be used to install solar cells, without affecting all the empty fields of public activity.

Later, some sights on the city cemetery, the cemetery owner in the well, after some persuasion, 462 solar panels appear uniform within the cemetery. Reporter saw these solar panels are pretty neat, "Chong Nam sit" on the coffin in the cemetery. According to reports, the solar panels produce enough electricity to meet the annual needs of 60 residents.

Local residents said that while the beginning, we think that solar panels erected within the cemetery, "desecration of the ancestors", but actively to persuade the parties concerned, everyone figured out: ancestral resting place in the erection of solar panels, both Yourself " future generations to make energy-saving model ", is also the first people," one of the best, most environmentally friendly form of commemoration. " According to reports, the cost of $ 900,000 a year project allows the town to reduce emissions to the atmosphere about 62 tonnes of carbon dioxide.

Santa Ke Luoma quaint cemetery: the enemy is not the choice of all "buried" the way of burial, but the layers of their coffins stacked up, with the highest of the "coffin House" goes to five. Solar panels on the top floor on top of the coffin. Rest in the cemetery a total of 57,000 residents of Santa Ke Luoma, and now the place of solar cells installed less than 5% of the total area. Nevertheless, this is still the biggest piece of the local "solar power base" of the.

Santa Ke Luoma Local officials said the Spanish residents of other communities like installing solar panels, but they mainly put it on the roof, no one has ever thought of going to "make full use of the upper part of the cemetery space."

 

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French lion roar B

French lion roar B

As for the topic shelves and storage space, has pronounced the 308 deserves praise. Not only are there plenty of it - it's all thought out for everyday use. An example: Who is charging while driving, mobile phone or mobile navigation has plugged that in most other cars do not really know what to do with the use of the cigarette lighter. Most of the thing then rolls at every turn through the center shelf. Unlike in the 308th There are right on the cigarette lighter finding the right basin, which otherwise takes sometimes even the money for the parking meter - problem solved.

308 Who goes, who does not need a degree for it: Everything is clear and easy to use. All switches and buttons are easily accessible and intuitive - to use just the switch of the heating, one must stretch a bit. The fashionable circular instruments are easily read. The steering wheel is adjustable in height and length and is well and comfortably in the hand. The materials seem high quality and have a pleasant feel, the workmanship is impeccable.

Under the hood, worked in our test car, a new 1.6-liter VTi petrol engine. VTi stands for variable valve lift and Timing Injection. Behind the concept lies a complicated technology, can be adjusted continuously with the beginning and end of the valve opening times at the intake and outlet and which is to improve by variable valve lift on the intake side of the thermodynamic efficiency. The optimization provides more power and lower fuel consumption. Peugeot says. pcga-bp71 battery

From its 1.6-liter engine pulls the Sun min at 6000 rpm. 88 kW/120 and at 4250 rpm a maximum torque of 140 Nm. That's enough for a top speed of 197 km / h and acceleration from 0 to 100 km / h in 10.8 seconds - all at an official fuel consumption of 6.7 liters per 100 km. In our test, the real consumption is only less than a liter higher. These figures show because in fact an evolution in the 1.6-liter engine of the three-zero-X: The predecessor brought his simple technique to eleven horsepower less, was almost the same acceleration seven km / h below the speed of the new and swallowed yet officially 7.4 liters of gasoline.

The VTi proved to be a nifty runner, cultured and smooth, with enough reserve power for passing on the highway and the rapid progress on the highway. The noise level inside is - based on vehicle class - relatively low. In particular, the engine holds back - which is at a speed of sound, this is especially the wind. pcga-bp2v battery

The suspension absorbs all of the 308 large bumps of the road away casually. The chassis itself is designed rather tightly - which matches the sporty appearance. The 308 remains countermeasures on the straight and consistently without on course. In curves, it understeer a little, helps a pinch early electronics. Pleasant are the strong restoring forces of the steering, which make themselves felt at the corner exit supportive. Otherwise, the control displays clear, accurate and not too smooth. A little more feel for the road we would have wished, however.

The 1.6-liter VTi is available as Tendance version from a base price of € 17 800. He is more than 1000 € with a comparable motor and significantly worse-equipped base about Gulf and on a line with a corresponding Toyota Auris. However, the Peugeot is also the equipment list is long enough to still get rid of a few thousand euros more. lenovo thinkpad x60s battery

Xenon light costs about € 1360 as a package, parking sensors are estimated at € 500, a navigation system is not to have less than 2,150 €. Who wants to go without golf-golf-class boredom, with a Peugeot 308 is well served.

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French lion roar B

French lion roar A

French lion roar A

The Golf class is hotly contested - because you have to let itself think of something special to survive. Peugeot tried it at 308 with a sporty and aggressive design. And smart details.

The big nose was the distinctive mark of its predecessor 307th The Peugeot 308 is the huge shark's mouth a piece has become broader and is bisected horizontally by a bumper. The already elongated headlamp batteries appear once more stretched. And with abundant self-confidence Peugeot lion logo emblazoned on the conspicuous precisely shaped nose with a kick in between.

The 308 has a sporty front and quite aggressive. The family-class golf begins only after the front window. For, with a height of 150 cm is the 308 a little deeper than its predecessor, but still plays with lush in its class: The Gulf is three inches deep, the Toyota Auris two inches higher. That is, the 308 went a little wide, and now measures 182 cm - six cm more than golf and Auris. pcga-bp2nx battery

Together with the total length of 428 cm and a wheelbase of 261 cm, these dimensions provide a very luxurious interior. Even the entry is comfortable: The front and rear doors open wide, the seating position is pleasantly high - you do not plops into the stalls and also has another good overview of the traffic ahead. The visibility diagonally to the rear is limited by the wide C-pillar. This interferes with turning a bit and requires special attention in terms of bike riders.

As fast, the flat windscreen acts in design - it also has disadvantages. For example, the tendency in strong sunlight to reflect the dashboard. This is in the sedan, although not as pronounced as in the convertible, which may well extend to the massive and not dangerous obstruction. But if any funds already comes along with anti-reflective glasses, then that should certainly not be a problem for Peugeot.

The front seats are also height adjustable and are firm but comfortable designed. Their shape ensures a good lateral support. The seating position can be easily adjusted for larger riders, the riding position is relaxed and long distances. Also you sit well back, firm and comfortable, with no annoying contact of the knee with the back of the front seats and a lot of head room. For larger passengers can pull up the rear head restraints, however, is weak. And that one better in the back seat for two as the three sit - that is not only 308 in Sun lenovo thinkpad x60 tablet battery

The luggage compartment is 348 liters expand significantly as abundant as in the Gulf and can be achieved by folding down the asymmetrically split rear seat up to 1201 liters - then there is the Gulf with about 100 liters more the better. The hold of the 308 is due to the high Ladekannte but to load a little tedious. Therefore, the tailgate swings high and wide can be sealed without having to dirty his hands. In the trunk there is only a small emergency spare wheel - ran to get there, you must first remove the hold.

 

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French lion roar A

The first Android has landed

The first Android has landed

G1 - so insignificant is now called the eagerly much tension first phone with Google's Android operating system. In the rumor mill stage, it was still called Dream - and it has the right stuff, Apple's iPhone attack.

It was only a matter of time before retaliating to the competition and Apple's iPhone will come from the throne. Now Google, the mobile phone manufacturer HTC and T-Mobile USA have left the cat out of the bag. The smartphone has the name "T-Mobile G1 with Google".

At first glance, the G1 recalls in form and design powerful hold on the Apple model: Large touch screen display and the exterior. Only at the bottom is still a docked control bar - the G1 relies not just on the possibilities of the touch screen. And that's a good thing: After the initial hype, it was recognized that the display operation is not just superior in every situation.

Thus we find here, copied by competitors BlackBerry, a trackball for faster navigation. Faster e-mail to the full mini-keyboard allow, which is hidden under the display. Pushes you out of it, the screen automatically rotates content in the widescreen mode.

Thus, in G1 all the input capabilities of modern mobile phones are united. Whether managers or hip multimedia fan - the G1 will be offered something for everyone, even if T-Mobile has primarily retail in mind. The only problem: The device should not include the most compact, the Super hosentaschentauglich phone is not so good.

Most customers will attract the touchscreen: How well has provided Apple with the iPhone here, and you find out that HTC and Google have taken over almost everything. With finger gesture, the applications are called umhergeschubst or large-and kleingezogen.

After many lean years, the iPhone the world for the mobile Internet has opened. And the G1 is aimed at precisely this market: Thus, the future owner can access through EDGE, UMTS and related data turbo HSDPA from anywhere on the Internet. Now just have to show you that HTC has solved the energy problem: all smartphones currently struggling with weak batteries, the devices need to be recharged very often.

As a scaled-down version of the Google browser Chrome is used. Hardly surprising that Google has just incorporated a bunch of other in-house programs: In addition to searching are Google Mail, YouTube and Google Maps here. Here, the developers have come up with something special: Thanks to a built-in compass to align the maps and satellite imagery as seen by the user.

Even Google Streetview, which is controversial with privacy advocates virtual street view, integrated. Then the user can view all the streets that Google has previously filmed. The G1 offers an exciting new feature: one turns at the virtual city tour with the mobile phone to its own axis, reacts to the phone and changed the view on the streets. So you can get a replica of 360-degree impression of a large intersection.

Additional programs can be set via W-LAN relate from the Android Market - Google's equivalent of the iPhone App Store. So far only a handful are solid programs, including the practical ShopSavvy price search engine. To find out if the offer in the electronics market really is a bargain, then the G1 owners do then only with the integrated 3-megapixel camera a photo of the bar code label to the box, Google will then execute an immediate comparison.

Another program calculates the daily CO2 balance, with BreadCrumbz can GPS location data, photos and routes are linked and stored, and Amazon offers a fee-based program to download music tracks from the new music portal. The marketplace is expected to grow soon, as Android is an open system, and write new programs to developers worldwide. Manager will wait before all that, until a program compatibility with Microsoft Exchange servers produce. Only then can send e-mails securely and directly played by the corporate servers to the G1.

The unit is of 22 October to be available exclusively at T-Mobile in the U.S. to be there and cost $ 179 (around 112 €) in combination with a two-year contract. We Germans have to wait a bit, up to Christmas there is unfortunately no longer with the new iPhone competitor. After the U.S. launch, the G1 will only appear in November in the UK, we are in the first quarter of 2009 to it. lenovo thinkpad x60 battery

Color is also something new: In addition to white and black to brown in the G1 to hit the market - but not in Germany. How large the benefits of Android over other phone systems, it must be seen. So far is not known which and how many applications there are, says Marie-Anne Winter teltarif.de from the telecommunications portal in Berlin. In addition, the Android phone from HTC has yet to prove itself in the test.

Also, the question arises, how successful will be Google in the mobile sector. The company recently has earned with his Internet browser Chrome ambivalent reviews. While the browser is extremely fast and easy to use, for his curiosity, but he was sharply criticized. An Android, while many other companies are involved, however, Google has a reputation as a data path octopus. So far, no one knows for which data are Google interested this time.

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The first Android has landed